South Greenland’s Gardar Province took shape during two major episodes of continental rifting between approximately 1.35 and 1.14 billion years ago, as the ancient Columbia/Nuna supercontinent began to break apart. Repeated pulses of alkaline magma formed kilometre-scale intrusive complexes, concentrating rare earths alongside niobium, tantalum and zirconium.

Subsequent faulting and erosion cut through these ancient systems, revealing their structure across the region’s flat-topped mountains, ridges and dramatic cliffs.

Peer-reviewed research describes Gardar as Europe’s largest belt of rare earth and high-field-strength elements. Within it, Motzfeldt and Ilímaussaq are identified as hosting some of the world’s largest REE-Nb-Ta-Zr deposits.

Arkadian’s 2026 programme is studying Motzfeldt across Aries, Merino, Voskop and Drysdale. By combining field geology, hyperspectral measurements, pXRF, gamma spectrometry and sampling, the team is building a clearer picture of how mineralisation is distributed across the wider system and using that evidence to focus the next phase of technical work.

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